In the interaction between a tumor and the immune system, immune checkpoints play an
important role, and in tumor immune escape, co-inhibitory immune checkpoints are …

Introduction: Glioblastoma (GBM) remains an incurable tumor with median overall survival of
15 months with the best standard of care. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) have been the …

Opinion statement Immune checkpoint inhibitors have changed the landscape of cancer
immunotherapy and are being integrated into the standard of care for a variety of solid and …

Glioblastoma is the most common primary brain tumour in adults. Prognosis is poor: even
with the current gold-standard first-line treatment—maximal safe resection and combination …

Glioma is the most malignant primary tumor of the central nervous system and is
characterized by an extremely low overall survival. Recent breakthroughs in cancer therapy …

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent brain tumor. Despite
recent advances in treatment approaches the prognosis remains poor, with a median overall …

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a severe malignant brain cancer with poor overall survival.
Conventional intervention remains dismal to prevent recurrence and deterioration of GBM …

The immune microenvironment is considered a major obstacle to generating an effective
antitumor immune response. Checkpoint inhibitors manipulate the co-stimulatory response …

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant glioma, treatment of
which has not improved significantly in many years. This is due to the unique challenges that …

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized modern cancer therapy, arousing
great interest in the neuro-oncology community. While several reports show that subsets of …