Background The long-term pulmonary function and related physiological characteristics of
COVID-19 survivors have not been studied in depth, thus many aspects are not understood. …

Blockade of the protein–protein interaction between the transmembrane protein
programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) and its ligand PD‐L1 has emerged as a promising …

The low response rate and adaptive resistance of PD‐1/PD‐L1 blockade demands the
studies on novel therapeutic targets for cancer immunotherapy. We discovered that a novel …

Agonists of the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) are considered as promising therapeutics
for cancer immunotherapy. However, drug-delivery barriers and adverse effects limit the …

Background Immunotherapy has achieved remarkable advances via a variety of strategies
against tumor cells that evade immune surveillance. As important innate immune cells, …

Blockade of the immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1 with monoclonal antibodies demonstrated
unprecedented clinical efficacies in many cancers. But the orally available low molecular …

Background Metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in human cancers, including esophageal
squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). As a pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-32 was reported …

PD-1 and CTLA-4 antibodies offer great hope for cancer immunotherapy. However, many
patients are incapable of responding to PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade and show low response …

Although the blockade of immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1 has achieved great success, the
lack of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and PD-L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment …

Although immune checkpoint inhibition has been shown to effectively activate antitumor
immunity in various tumor types, only a small subset of patients can benefit from PD-1/PD-L1 …