Vertebrates diverged from other chordates ~500 Myr ago and experienced successful
innovations and adaptations, but the genomic basis underlying vertebrate origins are not fully …

Goldfish have been subjected to over 1,000 y of intensive domestication and selective breeding.
In this report, we describe a high-quality goldfish genome (2n = 100), anchoring 95.75% …

The karyotype of most birds has remained considerably stable during more than 100 million
years’ evolution, except for some groups, such as parrots. The evolutionary processes and …

Alginate with long strictly alternating sequences of mannuronic (M) and guluronic (G) acid
residues, F G = 0.47 and F GG = 0.0, was prepared by incubating mannuronan with the …

The slow-evolving invertebrate amphioxus has an irreplaceable role in advancing our
understanding of the vertebrate origin and innovations. Here we resolve the nearly complete …

Vertebrate evolution was accompanied by two rounds of whole-genome duplication followed
by functional divergence in terms of regulatory circuits and gene expression patterns. As a …

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is an inhibitory molecule that plays a pivotal role
in downregulating T-cell mediated immune responses. To determine the role of CTLA-4 in …

It was demonstrated that macroscopic structural changes of polysaccharide chains, such as
random coil–helix transition and aggregation of helices, accompanied with the sol–gel and …

Stroke is a public health threat that requires urgent attention in China. Nutrients have
individual significant impacts on the prevalence of stroke. However, little research has been …

Biodegradable antimicrobial poly(ester-carbonate)s were prepared facilely via a simple two-step
process with low cost. First, poly(5,5-dibromomethyl trimethylene carbonate-co-ε-…