… In the present work, as well as in the SHA-0 attack by [16], the algebraic method (see
also Wang [15]) again plays an important role, as it is used to deduce message conditions …

MD5 is one of the most widely used cryptographic hash functions nowadays. It was designed
in 1992 as an improvement of MD4, and its security was widely studied since then by …

MD4 is a hash function developed by Rivest in 1990. It serves as the basis for most of the
dedicated hash functions such as MD5, SHAx, RIPEMD, and HAVAL. In 1996, Dobbertin …

MD5 is the hash function designed by Ron Rivest [9] as a strengthened version of MD4 [8].
In 1993 Bert den Boer and Antoon Bosselaers [1] found pseudo-collision for MD5 which is …

Determining whether inputs are out-of-distribution (OOD) is an essential building block for
safely deploying machine learning models in the open world. However, previous methods …

Carbon nanodots (C-dots) are fascinating carbon materials that are attracting increasing
interest because they possess distinct benefits, such as chemical inertness, a lack of optical …

Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles
such as nucleons as well as nuclei. As a future high energy nuclear physics project, an …

… In this section, we first describe the original collision attack on SHA-0 given by Wang in 1997
[14]. This sets up the basic framework for introducing our new techniques later on. For other …

Background Next generation sequencing (NGS) platforms are currently being utilized for
targeted sequencing of candidate genes or genomic intervals to perform sequence-based …

We argue that inconclusive findings in the SHRM literature regarding the relationship between
HRM systems and organizational performance may result primarily from methodological …