Microfluidic immunocapture of circulating pancreatic cells using parallel EpCAM and MUC1 capture: characterization, optimization and downstream analysis

Lab Chip. 2014 May 21;14(10):1775-84. doi: 10.1039/c4lc00041b. Epub 2014 Mar 28.

Abstract

We have developed and optimized a microfluidic device platform for the capture and analysis of circulating pancreatic cells (CPCs) and pancreatic circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Our platform uses parallel anti-EpCAM and cancer-specific mucin 1 (MUC1) immunocapture in a silicon microdevice. Using a combination of anti-EpCAM and anti-MUC1 capture in a single device, we are able to achieve efficient capture while extending immunocapture beyond single marker recognition. We also have detected a known oncogenic KRAS mutation in cells spiked in whole blood using immunocapture, RNA extraction, RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing. To allow for downstream single-cell genetic analysis, intact nuclei were released from captured cells by using targeted membrane lysis. We have developed a staining protocol for clinical samples, including standard CTC markers; DAPI, cytokeratin (CK) and CD45, and a novel marker of carcinogenesis in CPCs, mucin 4 (MUC4). We have also demonstrated a semi-automated approach to image analysis and CPC identification, suitable for clinical hypothesis generation. Initial results from immunocapture of a clinical pancreatic cancer patient sample show that parallel capture may capture more of the heterogeneity of the CPC population. With this platform, we aim to develop a diagnostic biomarker for early pancreatic carcinogenesis and patient risk stratification.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Immobilized / immunology
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / analysis*
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / immunology
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / immunology
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / analysis*
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / immunology
  • Cell Line
  • Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule
  • Humans
  • Indoles / analysis
  • Indoles / immunology
  • Islets of Langerhans / cytology
  • Islets of Langerhans / metabolism*
  • Keratins / analysis
  • Keratins / immunology
  • Leukocyte Common Antigens / analysis
  • Leukocyte Common Antigens / immunology
  • Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / instrumentation
  • Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / methods*
  • Mucin-1 / analysis*
  • Mucin-1 / immunology
  • Mucin-4 / analysis
  • Mucin-4 / immunology
  • Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / blood
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / immunology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
  • RNA / blood
  • RNA / isolation & purification
  • Silicon / chemistry
  • ras Proteins / blood
  • ras Proteins / genetics
  • ras Proteins / immunology

Substances

  • Antibodies, Immobilized
  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules
  • EPCAM protein, human
  • Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule
  • Indoles
  • KRAS protein, human
  • Mucin-1
  • Mucin-4
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • DAPI
  • RNA
  • Keratins
  • Leukocyte Common Antigens
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
  • ras Proteins
  • Silicon