Objectives: Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 is important in the control of transcription of several genes related to angiogenesis. We have previously reported that expression of HIF-1alpha correlates with venous invasion and clinical outcome in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. p53 has been reported to interact with HIF-1alpha and induce ubiquitin-mediated proteosomal degradation of HIF-1alpha. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether the expression of p53 is associated with that of HIF-1alpha.
Methods: Expression of p53, HIF-1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was examined in 81 archival surgical specimens of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissue. CD34 and single-stranded DNA were used to evaluate angiogenesis and apoptosis.
Results: Forty-seven of the 81 (58.0%) tumor specimens showed high levels of nuclear p53 immunoreactivity. Overexpression of p53 was observed in the early clinical stage of tumor development. Expression of p53 was not correlated with HIF-1alpha or VEGF expression, angiogenesis or apoptosis in esophageal carcinoma.
Conclusions: These results suggest that mutations in p53 play a role in carcinogenesis but not in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. HIF-1alpha may not only be regulated by p53 but also by other factors.
Copyright (c) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel.