Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery for renal tumors.
Methods: Between June 2002 and February 2004, 11 cases of renal benign tumor and 21 cases of renal malignant tumor underwent enucleation of the tumor and wedge resection of the tumor through retroperitoneal laparoscopy, respectively. Tumor resection and hemostasis were mainly achieved by harmonic scalpel. Follow-up studies were performed with an evaluation using renal spiral computed tomography.
Results: All procedures were technically successful. The mean operating time was 70 minutes for enucleation and 96 minutes for wedge resection. The mean estimated blood loss was 35 mL for enucleation and 65.5 mL for wedge resection. The mean hospital stay after surgery was 6.5 days. No intraoperative complications occurred. The pathologic examination confirmed renal cell carcinoma in 21 patients and angiomyolipoma in 11. The pathologic stage was pT1a in the 21 patients with renal cell carcinoma. All resected tumor specimens had negative surgical margins for cancer. No local recurrence or trocar site metastasis was observed during a mean follow-up period of 13 months.
Conclusions: Our results indicate that retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery represents a feasible option for patients with localized renal tumors. This procedure could offer precise and complete tumor excision while minimizing morbidity, improving cosmesis, and shortening convalescence.