Background: To determine the role of body mass index (BMI) in a Western population on outcomes after modified D2 gastrectomy (preserving pancreas and spleen where possible) for gastric cancer.
Methods: Eighty-four consecutive patients undergoing an R0 modified D2 gastrectomy for gastric cancer were studied prospectively. Male patients with a BMI of greater than 24.7 kgm(-2) and female patients with a BMI of greater than 22.6 kgm(-2) were classified as overweight and compared with control patients with BMIs below these reference values.
Results: Thirty-eight of the patients (45%) were classified as overweight. The median BMI of the overweight patients was 27.0 kgm(-2) (range, 22.7-34.7 kgm(-2); 27 males) compared with 21.2 kgm(-2) (range, 15.2-24.7 kgm(-2), 31 males) for control patients. Operative morbidity and mortality were 26% and 7.9% in overweight patients compared with 22% and 6.5% in control patients (morbidity, chi(2) = 0.240; df = 1; P = 0.624; mortality, chi(2) = 0.059; df = 1; P = 0.808). Cumulative survival at 5 years was 52% for overweight patients compared with 55% for control patients (chi(2) = 0.15; df = 1; P = 0.7002). In a multivariate analysis, the number of lymph node metastases (hazard ratio, 1.441; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.159-1.723; P = 0.009) and splenectomy (hazard ratio, 12.111; 95% CI, 9.645-14.577; P = 0.043) were independently associated with the duration of survival.
Conclusion: High BMIs were not associated with increased operative risk, and longterm outcomes were similar in the two groups after modified D2 gastrectomy.