We have studied an uncommon case of rhabdoid papillary meningioma in a 15-year-old boy with a dura-based mass arising in the left posterior fossa. The patient exhibited prominent extracranial extension during the past 6 years, consisting of a mixture of both perivascular pseudopapillary growth and rhabdoid cytologic features of neoplastic meningothelial cells. The meningothelial features were evidenced by the focal whorl formation of tumor cells, coexpression of epithelial membrane antigen and vimentin, and ultrastructural findings of interdigitated cytoplasmic process and intercellular junction. However, the regional and histologic resemblances to ependymoma were further complicated by unexpected focal expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament, and alpha-smooth muscle actin of the tumor cells. The rhabdoid morphology was characterized by sheets of tumor cells with eccentric nuclei and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm with often recognizable intracytoplasmic hyaline inclusions. These inclusions revealed ultrastructural paranuclear whorls of intermediate filaments, ruling out the other forms of intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions resembling rhabdoid morphology. Diagnosis of an unusual rhabdoid papillary meningioma with aggressive behavior is resoluble by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural analyses.