GuidelinesEuropean Guidelines on Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinomas: 2013 Update
Introduction
The prior version of the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on upper urinary tract tumours known as upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs) were published in 2011 [1]. The EAU Guidelines Working Panel for UTUCs has prepared the current guidelines to provide evidence-based information for the clinical management of these rare tumours and to help clinicians incorporate these recommendations into their practice. The current update is based on a structured literature search.
Section snippets
Data identification
A Medline search was performed on urothelial malignancies and UTUC management using combinations of the following terms: urinary tract cancer; urothelial carcinomas; upper urinary tract; carcinoma; renal pelvis; ureter; bladder cancer; chemotherapy; nephroureterectomy; adjuvant treatment; instillation; neoadjuvant treatment; recurrence; risk factors; nomogram; and survival. The publications concerning UTUCs were mostly retrospective including some large multicentre studies. Due to the scarcity
Epidemiology
Urothelial carcinomas (UCs) are the fourth most common tumours after prostate (or breast), lung, and colorectal cancer [4], [5]. They can be located in the lower urinary tract (bladder and urethra) or upper urinary tract (pyelocaliceal cavities and ureter). Bladder tumours account for 90–95% of UCs and are the most common malignancy of the urinary tract [1], [5]. In contrast, UTUCs are uncommon and account for only 5–10% of UCs [4], [6]. The estimated annual incidence of UTUCs in Western
Conclusions
These renewed UTUC guidelines contain information for the diagnosis and treatment of individual patients according to a current standardised approach. When determining the optimal treatment regimen for their patients, urologists must take into account each individual patient's specific clinical characteristics with regard to renal function including medical comorbidity; tumour location, grade, and stage; and molecular marker status.
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