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Comparative cytogenetic mapping of Sox2 and Sox14 in cichlid fishes and inferences on the genomic organization of both genes in vertebrates

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Abstract

To better understand the genomic organization and evolution of Sox genes in vertebrates, we cytogenetically mapped Sox2 and Sox14 genes in cichlid fishes and performed comparative analyses of their orthologs in several vertebrate species. The genomic regions neighboring Sox2 and Sox14 have been conserved during vertebrate diversification. Although cichlids seem to have undergone high rates of genomic rearrangements, Sox2 and Sox14 are linked in the same chromosome in the Etroplinae Etroplus maculatus that represents the sister group of all remaining cichlids. However, these genes are located on different chromosomes in several species of the sister group Pseudocrenilabrinae. Similarly, the ancestral synteny of Sox2 and Sox14 has been maintained in several vertebrates, but this synteny has been broken independently in all major groups as a consequence of karyotype rearrangements that took place during the vertebrate evolution.

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Abbreviations

BAC:

Bacterial artificial chromosome

DIG:

Digoxygenin

FISH:

Fluorescence in situ hybridization

FR-LGI:

Fish Room of the Laboratório Genômica Integrativa

FXR1:

Autosomal homolog 1 gene of fragile X mental retardation

HMG:

High mobility group

LG:

Linkage group

NCBI:

National Center for Biotechnology Information

SSC:

Saline-sodium citrate

TAF:

Tropical Aquaculture Facility

TTC14:

Tetratricopeptide repeat domain 14 gene

UMD:

University of Maryland

WGA:

Whole genome amplification

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Coordenadoria de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) from Brazil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Morphology, Bioscience Institute, UNESP, São Paulo State University, 18618-000, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

    Juliana Mazzuchelli & Cesar Martins

  2. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK

    Fengtang Yang

  3. Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA

    Thomas D. Kocher

  4. Department of Morphology, Bioscience Institute, UNESP, São Paulo State University, 18618-970, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

    Cesar Martins

Authors
  1. Juliana Mazzuchelli
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  2. Fengtang Yang
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  3. Thomas D. Kocher
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  4. Cesar Martins
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cesar Martins.

Additional information

Responsible Editor: Herbert Macgregor

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Electronic supplementary material S1

Similarity of Sox2 gene between O. niloticus and several vertebrates based on BLAST analysis at NCBI (DOC 55 kb)

Electronic supplementary material S2

Similarity of Sox14 gene between O. niloticus and several vertebrates based on BLAST analysis at NCBI (DOC 43 kb)

Electronic supplementary material S3

Abbreviations and names of genes located in the genomic blocks harboring Sox2 and Sox14 among vertebrates (DOC 26 kb)

Electronic supplementary material S4

Abbreviations and names of genes located in the genomic block harboring Sox2 among fish species (DOC 24 kb)

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Mazzuchelli, J., Yang, F., Kocher, T.D. et al. Comparative cytogenetic mapping of Sox2 and Sox14 in cichlid fishes and inferences on the genomic organization of both genes in vertebrates. Chromosome Res 19, 657–667 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-011-9225-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-011-9225-4

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