Table 1

Functions of exosomes as potential biomarkers in CRC

Exosome moleculesRegulationMajor functionsReferences
miR-1229↑CRC diagnosis167
circ-KLDHC10↑CRC diagnosis184
hsa_circ_0004771↑CRC diagnosis185
hsa_circ_0005100↑CRC diagnosis188
hsa_circ_0101802↑CRC diagnosis189
circRHOBTB3↑CRC diagnosis187
has_circ_0010522↑CRC diagnosis183
hsa_circ_0067835↑CRC diagnosis186
CPNE3↑CRC diagnosis199
VEGF and CD133↑Companion diagnosis receiving bevacizumab therapy196
lncRNA UCA1↑Companion diagnosis receiving cetuximab therapy200
FZD10↑Promoting EMT161
LINC00659↑Promoting EMT141
miR-1229↑Lymph node metastasis167
miR-128-3p↑Tumor stage201
miR-92a-3p↑Lung metastasis202
miR-106b-3p↑Lung metastasis160
HSPC111↑Liver metastasis175
miR-25-3p↑Liver and lung metastasis168
circLONP2↑Liver and lung metastasis203
miR-193a↓CRC progression204
let-7g↑CRC progression204
miR-221/222↑CRC progression177
hsa_circ_0000338↑Resistance to FOLFOX/5-FU205,206
lncRNA HOTTIP↑Resistance to mitomycin207
lncRNA H19↑Resistance to oxaliplatin208
hsa_circ_0005963↑Resistance to oxaliplatin209
lncRNA CCAL↑Resistance to oxaliplatin210
miR-46146↑Resistance to oxaliplatin211
miR-208b↑Resistance to oxaliplatin212
p-STAT3↑Resistance to 5-FU213
miR-21↑Resistance to 5-FU214,215
miR-204-5p↑Enhancing sensitivity to 5-FU216
miR-92a-3p↑Resistance to oxaliplatin/5-FU202
Wnt↑Resistance to oxaliplatin/5-FU217
CPT1A siRNA↑Reverse oxaliplatin resistance218
Anti-miRNA-221 oligonucleotide↑Inhibit the proliferation and clonal formation of colon cancer cells219
Doxorubicin↑Drug delivery220–222