Use IL-6R antagonist (such as tocilizumab 4–8 mg/kg IV) (recommended)

Begin infection control (include protective isolation, food and drink disinfection, etc.) according to the “transplant protocol”, even during conditioning therapy (exploratory recommendation)

Adjust the intestinal flora (for example, oral administration of intestinal probiotics such as Clostridium butyricum Enterococcus triple viable tablets) (exploratory recommendation)

Administer TNF-α antibody as prophylaxis on day 3 and day 5 after CAR T-cell infusion (exploratory recommendation)

For grade 2–3 L-CRS, provide antibody-combination therapy for mainly blocking TNF-α pathway (exploratory recommendation)

Drain paracentesis fluid before CAR T-cell infusion (exploratory recommendation)

Indwell catheter of the serous cavity until CRS is relieved (exploratory recommendation)

Inject tocilizumab (80 mg) into the serous cavity 3–5 days before CAR T-cell infusion (exploratory recommendation)

Obtain evaluation of potential adverse events (dysrhythmia, heart failure, myocardial damage, etc.) by a cardiologist (exploratory recommendation)

CAR T-cell therapy is recommended only after heart lesions are resolved (exploratory recommendation)

Before CAR T-cell therapy, decrease or eliminate lesions of skin and soft tissues (exploratory recommendation)

Enhance the prevention of local skin infections (local medication, debridement, etc.) (exploratory recommendation)

Administer empirical anti-infection therapy early after CAR T-cell infusion (exploratory recommendation)

Obtain evaluation by a neurology specialist (exploratory recommendation)

Use CAR T-cell therapy with caution in cases of unclear efficacy and high risks (exploratory recommendation)

Indwell a nasogastric tube for feeding to prevent aspiration (recommended)

Provide bridging therapy or intensive conditioning therapy to relieve compression symptoms before CAR T-cell infusion (exploratory recommendation)

Indwell a nasogastric tube for feeding to prevent aspiration (recommended)

Provide bridging therapy or intensive conditioning therapy to alleviate compression symptoms before CAR T-cell infusion (exploratory recommendation)

Formulate an emergency plan for tracheal intubation and provide bedside tracheostomy devices (exploratory recommendation)