Baseline patient characteristics before and after propensity score matching (categorical variables)
| Categorical variables | Before matching | After matching | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Implant (n = 288) number (%) | Autologous (n = 296) number (%) | P value | Implant (n = 177) number (%) | Autologous (n = 177) number (%) | P value | |
| Fx BC history | 0.92# | 0.84# | ||||
| No | 264 (45.2) | 273 (46.7) | 165 (46.6) | 163 (46.0) | ||
| Yes | 24 (4.1) | 23 (3.9) | 12 (3.4) | 14 (4.0) | ||
| Smoking status | 0.62$ | 1.00$ | ||||
| No | 286 (49.0) | 295 (50.5) | 175 (49.4) | 176 (49.7) | ||
| Yes | 2 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.6) | 1 (0.3) | ||
| Bilateral malignant tumor | 0.247# | 0.64# | ||||
| No | 268 (45.9) | 283 (48.5) | 169 (47.7) | 166 (46.9) | ||
| Yes | 20 (3.4) | 13 (2.2) | 8 (2.3) | 11 (3.1) | ||
| Pregnancy post-op | 0.62$ | 1.00# | ||||
| No | 286 (49.0) | 295 (50.5) | 177 (50.0) | 177 (50.0) | ||
| Yes | 2 (0.3) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | ||
| Side | 0.21# | 0.91# | ||||
| Left | 154 (26.4) | 142 (24.3) | 87 (24.6) | 89 (25.1) | ||
| Right | 134 (22.9) | 154 (26.4) | 90 (25.4) | 88 (24.9) | ||
| LVI | 0.08# | 1.00# | ||||
| No | 268 (45.9) | 262 (44.9) | 162 (45.8) | 161 (45.5) | ||
| Yes | 20 (3.4) | 34 (5.8) | 15 (4.2) | 16 (4.5) | ||
| STI | 0.02#,* | 0.84# | ||||
| No | 275 (47.1) | 267 (45.7) | 164 (46.3) | 162 (45.8) | ||
| Yes | 13 (2.2) | 29 (5.0) | 13 (3.7) | 15 (4.2) | ||
| Grade | 0.25# | 0.55# | ||||
| I | 11 (1.9) | 10 (1.7) | 5 (1.4) | 8 (2.3) | ||
| II | 249 (42.6) | 244 (41.8) | 154 (43.5) | 155 (43.8) | ||
| III | 28 (4.8) | 42 (7.2) | 18 (5.1) | 14 (4.0) | ||
| Multi-focal | 0.04# | 0.81# | ||||
| No | 265 (45.4) | 285 (48.8) | 167 (47.2) | 169 (47.7) | ||
| Yes | 23 (3.9) | 11 (1.9) | 10 (2.8) | 8 (2.3) | ||
| AJCC stage | <0.001# | 0.73# | ||||
| I | 113 (19.3) | 79 (13.5) | 60 (16.9) | 53 (15.0) | ||
| II | 150 (25.7) | 162 (27.7) | 93 (26.3) | 99 (28.0) | ||
| III | 25 (4.3) | 55 (9.4) | 24 (6.8) | 25 (7.1) | ||
| HR status | 0.003# | 0.79# | ||||
| Negative | 49 (8.4) | 82 (14.0) | 36 (10.2) | 33 (9.3) | ||
| Positive | 239 (40.9) | 214 (36.6) | 141 (39.8) | 144 (40.7) | ||
| Chemotherapy | 0.003# | 0.18# | ||||
| None | 16 (2.7) | 4 (0.7) | 10 (2.8) | 3 (0.8) | ||
| Neoadjuvant | 21 (3.6) | 41 (7.0) | 18 (5.1) | 23 (6.5) | ||
| Adjuvant | 216 (37.0) | 221 (37.8) | 127 (35.9) | 133 (37.6) | ||
| Unknown | 35 (6.0) | 30 (5.1) | 22 (6.2) | 18 (5.1) | ||
| Radiation | <0.0001#,* | 0.46# | ||||
| No | 239 (40.9) | 188 (32.2) | 137 (38.7) | 130 (36.7) | ||
| Yes | 49 (8.4) | 108 (18.5) | 40 (11.3) | 47 (13.3) | ||
| Hormonal therapy | 0.006#,* | 0.89# | ||||
| No | 58 (9.9) | 94 (16.1) | 44 (12.4) | 40 (11.3) | ||
| Yes | 220 (37.7) | 193 (33.0) | 126 (35.6) | 130 (36.7) | ||
| Unknown | 10 (1.7) | 9 (1.5) | 7 (2.0) | 9 (2.0) | ||
| Breast surgery type | 0.04#,* | 1.00# | ||||
| NSM | 117 (20.0) | 95 (16.3) | 65 (18.4) | 64 (18.1) | ||
| SSM | 171 (29.3) | 201 (34.4) | 112 (31.6) | 113 (31.9) | ||
| Axillary surgery | <0.0001#,* | 0.55# | ||||
| SLNB | 73 (12.5) | 12 (2.1) | 16 (4.5) | 12 (3.4) | ||
| ALND | 215 (36.8) | 284 (48.6) | 161 (45.5) | 165 (46.6) | ||
| Post-op complications | <0.01#,* | 0.62# | ||||
| No | 260 (44.5) | 238 (40.8) | 158 (44.6) | 154 (43.5) | ||
| Yes | 28 (4.8) | 58 (9.9) | 19 (5.4) | 23 (6.5) | ||
| Secondary surgery | 0.43# | 0.84# | ||||
| No | 267 (45.7) | 268 (45.9) | 164 (46.3) | 162 (45.8) | ||
| Yes | 21 (3.6) | 28 (4.8) | 13 (3.7) | 15 (4.2) | ||
| Lipo-filling | 0.30# | 1.00$ | ||||
| No | 286 (49.0) | 325 (49.7) | 175 (49.4) | 174 (49.2) | ||
| Yes | 2 (0.3) | 6 (1.0) | 2 (0.6) | 3 (0.8) | ||
Secondary surgery refers to revision or salvage surgery that was not associated with tumor relapse. Abbreviations: Fx BC history, family breast cancer history; LVI, lymph-vascular invasion; STI, soft tissue invasion; HR, hormonal receptor; NSM, nipple sparing mastectomy; SSM, skin sparing mastectomy; SLNB, sentinel lymph node biopsy; ALND, axillary lymph node dissection. #Pearson’s chi-square test. $Fisher’s exact test. *P < 0.05.