Table 2

Clinical trials evaluating the potential applications of ctDNA in lung cancer screening

IdentifierMethodsInitiatorStudy typeEstimated enrollment, nObservational modelTime perspectiveStatus/results
NCT04814407ctDNA methylation
EMS-ddPCR
scLSM-FACS
Taiwan University HospitalObservational900CohortProspectiveRecruiting; estimated study completion date is December 31, 2027
NCT04712877Genetic mutations
NGS
Lung Cancer Research FoundationObservational1,000CohortProspectiveNot yet recruiting; estimated study completion date is November 1, 2023
NCT03651986ctDNA methylation
NGS
AnchorDx Medical Co., Ltd.Observational10,560CohortProspectiveRecruiting; estimated study completion date is June 2023
NCT04253509ctDNA methylation sequencingSamsung Medical CenterObservational280CohortProspectiveRecruiting; estimated study completion date is February 2022
NCT03685669ctDNA methylation biomarkersShanghai Chest HospitalObservational300CohortCross-SectionalRecruiting; estimated study completion date is December 2019
NCT04698681Genetic mutations
NGS
Calithera Biosciences. IncInterventional
Clinical Trial
200Single group assignmentProspectiveActive, not recruiting; estimated study completion date is May 2022
NCT03181490ctDNA methylation, high-throughput bisulfite DNA sequencing, NGSThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityObservational1,490CohortCross-SectionalCompleted; detected early-stage lung cancer and differentiated lung cancers from benign pulmonary nodules
NCT02612350ctDNA genetic mutationsPathway GenomicsObservational1,106CohortProspectiveCompleted; provided a new way to investigate screening utility

ctDNA, circulating tumor DNA; EMS-ddPCR, enriched methylation-specific droplet digital PCR; scLSM-FACS, single-cell, locus-specific methylation detection.