Table 1

Zinc dysregulation in cancers

Cancers	Serum	Tissue	Aberrant transporter	References
Prostate cancer	Contradiction^†	Decreased	ZIP1, ZIP2, ZIP3, ZIP4, ZIP9, ZnT4	^{34,41,43–45}
Breast cancer	Decreased	Increased	ZIP6, ZIP7, ZIP9, ZIP10, ZnT2	^{31,33,60,65,67}
Pancreatic cancer	NR^‡	Decreased	ZIP3, ZIP4	^77,79
Hepatocellular cancer (HCC)	Decreased	Decreased	ZIP4, ZIP14, ZnT9	^86,89,90
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)	Decreased	Decreased	ZIP5, ZIP6	^11,91,92
Ovarian cancer	Decreased	Decreased	ZIP4	^31,93
Cervical cancer	Decreased	Decreased	ZIP7	^94,95
Kidney cancer	NR	Decreased	ZIP1, ZIP10	^96–98
Gastric cancer	Decreased	Increased	Contradiction^†	^99,100
Lung cancer	Decreased	Increased	ZIP4	^101–103
Bladder cancer	Decreased	NR	ZIP11, ZnT1	^95,104,105
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)	NR	NR	ZIP4	¹⁰⁶
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)	NR	Increased	ZIP4	^107,108

^†Conflicting results are reported in several articles. ^‡Not reported.