RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Advances in lung cancer screening and early detection JF Cancer Biology & Medicine JO Cancer Biology & Medicine FD China Anti-Cancer Association SP 591 OP 608 DO 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2021.0690 VO 19 IS 5 A1 Caichen Li A1 Huiting Wang A1 Yu Jiang A1 Wenhai Fu A1 Xiwen Liu A1 Ran Zhong A1 Bo Cheng A1 Feng Zhu A1 Yang Xiang A1 Jianxing He A1 Wenhua Liang YR 2022 UL http://www.cancerbiomed.org/content/19/5/591.abstract AB Lung cancer is associated with a heavy cancer-related burden in terms of patients’ physical and mental health worldwide. Two randomized controlled trials, the US-National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) and Nederlands-Leuvens Longkanker Screenings Onderzoek (NELSON), indicated that low-dose CT (LDCT) screening results in a statistically significant decrease in mortality in patients with lung cancer, LDCT has become the standard approach for lung cancer screening. However, many issues in lung cancer screening remain unresolved, such as the screening criteria, high false-positive rate, and radiation exposure. This review first summarizes recent studies on lung cancer screening from the US, Europe, and Asia, and discusses risk-based selection for screening and the related issues. Second, an overview of novel techniques for the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules, including artificial intelligence and molecular biomarker-based screening, is presented. Third, current explorations of strategies for suspected malignancy are summarized. Overall, this review aims to help clinicians understand recent progress in lung cancer screening and alleviate the burden of lung cancer.