PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Kaiting Wang
AU  - Xinyao Qiu
AU  - Yan Zhao
AU  - Hongyang Wang
AU  - Lei Chen
TI  - The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma
AID  - 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2021.0306
DP  - 2022 Mar 15
TA  - Cancer Biology & Medicine
PG  - 305--318
VI  - 19
IP  - 3
4099  - http://www.cancerbiomed.org/content/19/3/305.short
4100  - http://www.cancerbiomed.org/content/19/3/305.full
SO  - Cancer Biology & Medicine2022 Mar 15; 19
AB  - The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway regulates many aspects of tumor biology, and many studies have focused on the role of this signaling pathway in tumor cells. However, it is now clear that tumor development and metastasis depend on the two-way interaction between cancer cells and their environment, thereby forming a tumor microenvironment (TME). In this review, we discuss how Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates cross-interactions among different components of the TME, including immune cells, stem cells, tumor vasculature, and noncellular components of the TME in hepatocellular carcinoma. We also investigate their preclinical and clinical insights for primary liver cancer intervention, and explore the significance of using Wnt/β-catenin mutations as a biomarker to predict resistance in immunotherapy.