<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><xml><records><record><source-app name="HighWire" version="7.x">Drupal-HighWire</source-app><ref-type name="Journal Article">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Rui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fan, Qingxia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hu, Xiangjie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Liuxing</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhao, Peirong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wang, Ruilin</style></author></authors><secondary-authors></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin-Enhanced Antitumor Effect of 5-Fluorouracil &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt;
</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008-08-01 00:00:00</style></date></pub-dates></dates><pages><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">277-280</style></pages><doi><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10.1007/s11805-008-0277-y</style></doi><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><abstract><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OBJECTIVE To determine if insulin treatment can enhance the antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and to explore the mechanism of the enhancement of insulin.METHODS S180 sarcoma, H22 liver cancer and human Eca-109 esophageal cancer cells were transplanted into nude mice to evaluate the inhibitory effect on tumor growth of insulin alone or in combination with 5-FU. The levels of serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) were determined.RESULTS Compared with 5-FU treatment alone, the tumor weight of H22 liver cancer and S180 sarcoma was reduced further with high, medium and low-dose insulin (0.09, 0.06, 0.03 U/20 g) + 5-FU treatment. When a high dosage of insulin + 5-FU was administered, tumor weight was significantly reduced (P &lt; 0.05). The inhibitory rate of growth of S180 sarcoma and H22 liver cancer reached 50.2% and 51.4%, respectively, which was significantly higher than 24.9% and 27.9% in the group receiving 5-FU alone (P &lt; 0.05). High, medium and low-dose insulin combined with 5-FU significantly inhibited the growth of Eca-109 cancer cells (P &lt; 0.05). Compared with the control group, the level of serum IGF-1 decreased (P &lt; 0.05), whereas the level of serum IGFBP-3 slightly increased in the 5-FU ± insulin groups (P &gt; 0.05). In mice with H22 liver cancer and S180 sarcoma the IGF-1 level with high-dose insulin + 5-FU treatment was significantly lower compared to treatment with 5-FU alone (P &lt; 0.05), but the difference was not significant in mice transplanted with esophageal cancer cells.CONCLUSION Insulin can enhance the anti-tumor effect of 5-FU without significantly increasing 5-FU toxicity. Although changes in the serum IGF-1 or IGFBP-3 level do not explain the mechanism of the insulin-induced enhancement on 5-FU on growth, a decrease in the level of serum IGF-1 and an increase in serum IGFBP-3 may be important in the chemotherapeutic response.</style></abstract></record></records></xml>