Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access
Global patterns, temporal trends and socioeconomic inequalities in the burden of breast cancer: a population-based study across 185 countries
Weijia Kong, Hengna Lin, Jie Li, Yaxiong Nie, Rongshou Zheng and Di Liang
Cancer Biology & Medicine July 2026, 20260059; DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2026.0059
Weijia Kong
1Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
2Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
Hengna Lin
3Chronic Disease Department, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Mentougou District, Beijing 100010, China
Jie Li
2Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
Yaxiong Nie
4Cancer Institute in Hebei Province, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
5Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
Rongshou Zheng
6National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
Di Liang
4Cancer Institute in Hebei Province, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China

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In this issue
Global patterns, temporal trends and socioeconomic inequalities in the burden of breast cancer: a population-based study across 185 countries
Weijia Kong, Hengna Lin, Jie Li, Yaxiong Nie, Rongshou Zheng, Di Liang
Cancer Biology & Medicine Jul 2026, 20260059; DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2026.0059
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