Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Study Flowchart
Data were obtained from GLOBOCAN 2022 (185 countries), United Nations population and all-cause mortality data from WHO, and longitudinal data on breast cancer incidence between 2003 and 2017 from CI5 Plus database. The AMP method was used to calculate lifetime risk, which accounts for multiple primary cancers, competing risks from other causes of death, and life expectancy. Analyses estimated lifetime risk across different global regions, countries, age groups, socioeconomic conditions, and menopausal status. The findings showed that the lifetime risk of developing breast cancer was 5.51% and dying from breast cancer was 1.82%. Epidemiologic disparities of breast cancer were noted in different HDI regions and healthcare resource countries globally with pronounced heterogeneity. Countries should implement precise prevention and control measures based on their respective health resources and risk profiles to reduce the global burden of breast cancer. Figure created using Microsoft Office PowerPoint and Adobe Illustrator. (AAPC, average annual percentage change; AMP method, adjusted for multiple primaries method; CI5, cancer incidence in five continents; HDI, Human Development Index).
- Figure 1
Lifetime risks of developing or dying from breast cancer in 2022 by region and country. A. Developing breast cancer. B. Dying from breast cancer. Green diamonds denote the average lifetime risk in each selected geographic area; vertical lines denote the estimated lifetime risk in each selected country/region.
- Figure 2
The correlation between the lifetime risks of developing and dying from breast cancer and the Human Development Index (HDI). A. Developing breast cancer; B. Dying from breast cancer; C. Developing breast cancer between 0 and 44 years of age (premenopausal breast cancer); D. Dying from breast cancer between 0 and 44 years of age (premenopausal breast cancer); E. Developing breast cancer between 45 and 54 years of age (perimenopausal breast cancer); F. Dying from breast cancer between 45 and 54 years of age (perimenopausal breast cancer); G. Developing breast cancer at ≥ 55 years of age (postmenopausal breast cancer); H. Dying from breast cancer at ≥ 55 years of age (postmenopausal breast cancer).
- Figure 3
The average annual percent change (AAPC) for lifetime risks of developing breast cancer, age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), and age-standardized mortality rate (ASWR) in 2003–2017 by country and menopausal status. A. Developing breast cancer from birth to death; B. Developing breast cancer between 0 and 44 years of age (premenopausal breast cancer); C. Developing breast cancer between 45 and 54 years of age (perimenopausal breast cancer); D. Developing breast cancer at ≥ 55 years of age (postmenopausal breast cancer); E. Age-standardized incidence rate of breast cancer; F. Age-standardized incidence rate of breast cancer between 0 and 44 years of age (premenopausal breast cancer); G. Age-standardized incidence rate of breast cancer between 45 and 54 years of age (perimenopausal breast cancer); H. Age-standardized incidence rate of breast cancer at ≥ 55 years of age (postmenopausal breast cancer); I. Age-standardized mortality rate of breast cancer; J. Age-standardized mortality rate of breast cancer between 0 and 44 years of age (premenopausal breast cancer); K. Age-standardized mortality rate of breast cancer between 45 and 54 years of age (perimenopausal breast cancer); L. Age-standardized mortality rate of breast cancer at ≥ 55 years of age (postmenopausal breast cancer). Dark red bars represent countries with a statistically significant increasing trend (AAPC > 0, P < 0.05). Light red bars represent countries with an increasing trend that is not statistically significant (AAPC > 0, P ≥ 0.05). Light blue bars represent the countries with a decreasing trend that is not statistically significant (AAPC < 0, P ≥ 0.05).
Tables
- Table 1
Epidemiology of developing and dying from breast cancer within selected age intervals in 2022
Population Cases (n) ASR (per 100,000) Birth to death (%) 40 years to death (%) 50 years to death (%) 60 years to death (%) 70 years to death (%) Developing breast cancer World 2,294,713 46.80 (46.74–46.86) 5.51 (5.50–5.52) 5.11 (5.09–5.13) 4.31 (4.29–4.33) 3.18 (3.16–3.20) 1.91 (1.89–1.93) Very high HDI 1,092,663 75.63 (75.48–75.79) 10.37 (10.35–10.39) 9.70 (9.65–9.75) 8.40 (8.35–8.44) 6.41 (6.36–6.45) 4.07 (4.03–4.11) High HDI 737,959 38.79 (38.70–38.88) 4.42 (4.41–4.44) 4.01 (3.99–4.04) 3.20 (3.17–3.23) 2.16 (2.14–2.19) 1.13 (1.11–1.15) Medium HDI 329,052 29.53 (29.43–29.63) 2.96 (2.94–2.97) 2.67 (2.64–2.71) 2.16 (2.13–2.19) 1.44 (1.41–1.47) 0.73 (0.70–0.75) Low HDI 135,039 34.31 (34.12–34.50) 2.91 (2.88–2.94) 2.55 (2.49–2.61) 2.00 (1.95–2.06) 1.28 (1.22–1.33) 0.60 (0.55–0.65) Eastern Africa 47,244 31.94 (31.64–32.24) 2.88 (2.83–2.93) 2.54 (2.44–2.63) 2.03 (1.94–2.13) 1.34 (1.25–1.43) 0.66 (0.57–0.74) Middle Africa 14,939 26.69 (26.25–27.14) 2.16 (2.09–2.23) 1.87 (1.73–2.01) 1.47 (1.33–1.61) 0.95 (0.82–1.08) 0.45 (0.33–0.57) Northern Africa 64,822 53.17 (52.76–53.59) 5.38 (5.32–5.44) 4.69 (4.56–4.81) 3.57 (3.44–3.69) 2.20 (2.08–2.32) 1.06 (0.95–1.16) Southern Africa 15,815 46.16 (45.43–46.89) 3.90 (3.78–4.03) 3.60 (3.37–3.83) 2.95 (2.72–3.17) 2.03 (1.81–2.25) 1.09 (0.89–1.30) Western Africa 54,402 42.14 (41.77–42.52) 3.12 (3.06–3.19) 2.76 (2.65–2.88) 2.16 (2.05–2.28) 1.36 (1.25–1.47) 0.63 (0.53–0.73) Eastern Asia 480,019 37.54 (37.43–37.65) 4.60 (4.59–4.62) 4.24 (4.21–4.27) 3.37 (3.34–3.41) 2.32 (2.29–2.35) 1.29 (1.26–1.32) South-Eastern Asia 168,536 41.73 (41.53–41.93) 4.48 (4.45–4.51) 4.05 (3.98–4.11) 3.24 (3.18–3.30) 2.14 (2.08–2.20) 1.11 (1.06–1.17) South-Central Asia 273,902 26.70 (26.60–26.80) 2.68 (2.66–2.69) 2.41 (2.38–2.45) 1.95 (1.91–1.98) 1.29 (1.26–1.32) 0.64 (0.61–0.67) Western Asia 62,936 45.40 (45.04–45.76) 5.37 (5.31–5.43) 4.88 (4.76–5.00) 4.02 (3.90–4.13) 2.81 (2.70–2.93) 1.59 (1.48–1.69) Eastern Europe 163,474 58.30 (57.99–58.61) 6.75 (6.71–6.79) 6.21 (6.12–6.31) 5.23 (5.14–5.32) 3.75 (3.67–3.84) 2.00 (1.92–2.07) Northern Europe 89,057 90.80 (90.14–91.47) 13.15 (13.05–13.25) 12.50 (12.29–12.71) 10.99 (10.78–11.20) 8.45 (8.26–8.65) 5.44 (5.27–5.62) Southern Europe 125,303 81.76 (81.25–82.28) 11.59 (11.51–11.66) 10.74 (10.58–10.90) 9.20 (9.04–9.35) 7.05 (6.91–7.20) 4.65 (4.52–4.78) Western Europe 180,039 89.81 (89.33–90.29) 13.65 (13.58–13.72) 12.83 (12.68–12.98) 11.28 (11.14–11.43) 9.05 (8.91–9.19) 6.25 (6.13–6.38) Caribbean 14,422 49.57 (48.73–50.41) 6.19 (6.05–6.32) 5.66 (5.38–5.94) 4.89 (4.62–5.16) 3.78 (3.52–4.04) 2.41 (2.18–2.65) Central America 39,835 38.28 (37.90–38.66) 4.61 (4.54–4.67) 4.20 (4.07–4.32) 3.51 (3.38–3.63) 2.53 (2.41–2.65) 1.50 (1.39–1.61) Northern America 306,198 95.12 (94.76–95.49) 12.89 (12.84–12.95) 12.19 (12.08–12.31) 10.67 (10.56–10.79) 8.19 (8.08–8.30) 5.14 (5.04–5.24) South America 165,427 57.16 (56.87–57.44) 6.91 (6.87–6.95) 6.33 (6.24–6.42) 5.38 (5.29–5.47) 3.98 (3.89–4.07) 2.35 (2.28–2.43) Australia/New Zealand 25,786 100.28 (98.96–101.59) 14.98 (14.77–15.18) 14.26 (13.82–14.69) 12.56 (12.13–12.99) 9.81 (9.41–10.22) 6.48 (6.12–6.85) Melanesia 2,294 49.21 (47.15–51.28) 4.89 (4.51–5.28) 4.36 (3.66–5.07) 3.51 (2.81–4.21) 2.36 (1.68–3.03) 1.20 (0.58–1.82) Micronesia/Polynesia 263 67.61 (59.31–75.91) 10.54 (8.89–12.19) 9.98 (6.96–13.01) 8.76 (5.79–11.74) 7.00 (4.13–9.86) 5.05 (2.40–7.70) Dying from breast cancer World 665,255 12.64 (12.60–12.67) 1.82 (1.82–1.83) 1.74 (1.73–1.75) 1.57 (1.56–1.58) 1.28 (1.27–1.29) 0.91 (0.90–0.92) Very high HDI 245,043 13.21 (13.15–13.27) 2.70 (2.69–2.71) 2.64 (2.61–2.66) 2.47 (2.45–2.49) 2.17 (2.14–2.19) 1.71 (1.69–1.73) High HDI 195,347 9.50 (9.46–9.55) 1.38 (1.38–1.39) 1.32 (1.31–1.34) 1.17 (1.16–1.19) 0.93 (0.92–0.95) 0.63 (0.61–0.64) Medium HDI 152,881 13.88 (13.81–13.95) 1.54 (1.53–1.55) 1.46 (1.43–1.48) 1.27 (1.25–1.29) 0.95 (0.92–0.97) 0.55 (0.53–0.58) Low HDI 71,984 19.11 (18.97–19.25) 1.70 (1.68–1.73) 1.56 (1.51–1.60) 1.29 (1.24–1.33) 0.87 (0.83–0.92) 0.44 (0.40–0.48) Eastern Africa 25,300 17.58 (17.36–17.81) 1.63 (1.59–1.67) 1.48 (1.40–1.55) 1.21 (1.14–1.29) 0.82 (0.75–0.89) 0.41 (0.35–0.48) Middle Africa 8,261 15.26 (14.91–15.60) 1.27 (1.22–1.33) 1.14 (1.03–1.25) 0.93 (0.82–1.04) 0.62 (0.52–0.73) 0.31 (0.21–0.40) Northern Africa 23,137 19.00 (18.75–19.25) 2.34 (2.29–2.39) 2.16 (2.07–2.25) 1.85 (1.76–1.94) 1.43 (1.34–1.51) 0.93 (0.85–1.01) Southern Africa 5,693 16.57 (16.14–17.01) 1.56 (1.46–1.66) 1.47 (1.32–1.63) 1.29 (1.13–1.45) 1.01 (0.85–1.16) 0.71 (0.56–0.85) Western Africa 28,354 22.55 (22.27–22.82) 1.72 (1.67–1.77) 1.55 (1.46–1.64) 1.25 (1.17–1.34) 0.82 (0.74–0.91) 0.40 (0.32–0.47) Eastern Asia 97,389 6.52 (6.48–6.57) 1.13 (1.13–1.14) 1.10 (1.09–1.12) 1.00 (0.99–1.02) 0.82 (0.81–0.84) 0.59 (0.58–0.61) South-Eastern Asia 61,228 14.85 (14.73–14.97) 1.91 (1.89–1.94) 1.82 (1.78–1.87) 1.60 (1.56–1.64) 1.23 (1.19–1.27) 0.79 (0.75–0.83) South-Central Asia 135,348 13.41 (13.34–13.48) 1.49 (1.48–1.51) 1.42 (1.40–1.45) 1.24 (1.22–1.27) 0.92 (0.90–0.95) 0.52 (0.50–0.55) Western Asia 21,183 15.11 (14.90–15.31) 2.24 (2.20–2.28) 2.13 (2.05–2.21) 1.90 (1.82–1.97) 1.52 (1.45–1.60) 1.07 (1.00–1.14) Eastern Europe 49,973 14.44 (14.30–14.58) 2.10 (2.07–2.12) 2.03 (1.98–2.08) 1.87 (1.82–1.91) 1.54 (1.49–1.59) 1.02 (0.98–1.07) Northern Europe 18,575 13.70 (13.46–13.93) 3.25 (3.20–3.30) 3.19 (3.10–3.28) 3.04 (2.95–3.13) 2.74 (2.65–2.83) 2.28 (2.20–2.36) Southern Europe 31,594 13.81 (13.62–14.00) 3.35 (3.32–3.39) 3.30 (3.23–3.37) 3.14 (3.07–3.21) 2.83 (2.76–2.89) 2.35 (2.29–2.41) Western Europe 44,368 15.37 (15.20–15.55) 3.87 (3.83–3.91) 3.80 (3.73–3.87) 3.64 (3.57–3.70) 3.32 (3.26–3.39) 2.79 (2.73–2.85) Caribbean 5,778 18.17 (17.68–18.67) 2.80 (2.70–2.90) 2.68 (2.50–2.86) 2.43 (2.25–2.61) 2.02 (1.85–2.19) 1.51 (1.35–1.66) Central America 10,670 10.05 (9.86–10.25) 1.44 (1.40–1.48) 1.38 (1.31–1.45) 1.23 (1.16–1.30) 0.96 (0.89–1.03) 0.65 (0.59–0.71) Northern America 49,727 12.32 (12.20–12.45) 2.59 (2.56–2.62) 2.54 (2.49–2.58) 2.39 (2.35–2.44) 2.11 (2.06–2.15) 1.69 (1.65–1.73) South America 43,253 13.80 (13.67–13.93) 2.08 (2.06–2.11) 2.00 (1.95–2.05) 1.81 (1.76–1.86) 1.49 (1.44–1.53) 1.06 (1.02–1.11) Australia/New Zealand 4,152 12.81 (12.37–13.25) 3.13 (3.04–3.23) 3.08 (2.91–3.26) 2.93 (2.76–3.10) 2.62 (2.46–2.79) 2.16 (2.00–2.32) Melanesia 1,179 26.77 (25.18–28.35) 3.04 (2.65–3.43) 2.83 (2.21–3.45) 2.46 (1.84–3.07) 1.90 (1.30–2.51) 1.22 (0.64–1.79) Micronesia/Polynesia 93 22.69 (17.97–27.40) 4.90 (3.68–6.12) 4.81 (2.86–6.76) 4.48 (2.55–6.42) 3.88 (1.99–5.77) 3.14 (1.36–4.93)
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