Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • About
    • About CBM
    • Editorial Board
    • Announcement
  • Articles
    • Ahead of print
    • Current Issue
    • Archive
    • Collections
    • Cover Story
  • For Authors
    • Instructions for Authors
    • Resources
    • Submit a Manuscript
  • For Reviewers
    • Become a Reviewer
    • Instructions for Reviewers
    • Resources
    • Outstanding Reviewer
  • Subscription
  • Alerts
    • Email Alerts
    • RSS Feeds
    • Table of Contents
  • Contact us
  • Other Publications
    • cbm

User menu

  • My alerts

Search

  • Advanced search
Cancer Biology & Medicine
  • Other Publications
    • cbm
  • My alerts
Cancer Biology & Medicine

Advanced Search

 

  • Home
  • About
    • About CBM
    • Editorial Board
    • Announcement
  • Articles
    • Ahead of print
    • Current Issue
    • Archive
    • Collections
    • Cover Story
  • For Authors
    • Instructions for Authors
    • Resources
    • Submit a Manuscript
  • For Reviewers
    • Become a Reviewer
    • Instructions for Reviewers
    • Resources
    • Outstanding Reviewer
  • Subscription
  • Alerts
    • Email Alerts
    • RSS Feeds
    • Table of Contents
  • Contact us
  • Follow cbm on Twitter
  • Visit cbm on Facebook
Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

Exosomal EPHA2 transfers metastatic potential by stabilizing TGF-βRI and activating the TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway in breast cancer

Liming Liu, Yichu Zhang, Xiaoxue Li, Yueni Mo, Lanlan Song, Yidi Jia, Luoming Zhang, Wei Zhou, He Zhang, Hui Guo, Zhiyong Wang, Yanfen Cui, Fei Zhang and Ruifang Niu
Cancer Biology & Medicine February 2026, 20250440; DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0440
Liming Liu
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Yichu Zhang
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Xiaoxue Li
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Yueni Mo
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Lanlan Song
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Yidi Jia
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Luoming Zhang
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Wei Zhou
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
He Zhang
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Hui Guo
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Zhiyong Wang
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Yanfen Cui
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Fei Zhang
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Fei Zhang
  • For correspondence: feizhang03{at}tmu.edu.cn rniu{at}tmu.edu.cn
Ruifang Niu
1Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
2Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
3Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Ruifang Niu
  • For correspondence: feizhang03{at}tmu.edu.cn rniu{at}tmu.edu.cn
  • Article
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF
Loading

References

  1. 1.↵
    1. Siegel RL,
    2. Miller KD,
    3. Wagle NS,
    4. Jemal A.
    Cancer statistics, 2023. CA Cancer J Clin. 2023; 73: 17–48.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  2. 2.↵
    1. Guo L,
    2. Kong D,
    3. Liu J,
    4. Zhan L,
    5. Luo L,
    6. Zheng W, et al.
    Breast cancer heterogeneity and its implication in personalized precision therapy. Exp Hematol Oncol. 2023; 12: 3.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  3. 3.
    1. Luond F,
    2. Tiede S,
    3. Christofori G.
    Breast cancer as an example of tumour heterogeneity and tumour cell plasticity during malignant progression. Br J Cancer. 2021; 125: 164–75.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  4. 4.↵
    1. Liang Y,
    2. Zhang H,
    3. Song X,
    4. Yang Q.
    Metastatic heterogeneity of breast cancer: molecular mechanism and potential therapeutic targets. Semin Cancer Biol. 2020; 60: 14–27.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  5. 5.↵
    1. Han B,
    2. Zhang H,
    3. Tian R,
    4. Liu H,
    5. Wang Z,
    6. Wang Z, et al.
    Exosomal EPHA2 derived from highly metastatic breast cancer cells promotes angiogenesis by activating the AMPK signaling pathway through Ephrin A1-EPHA2 forward signaling. Theranostics. 2022; 12: 4127–46.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  6. 6.
    1. Jin K,
    2. Pandey NB,
    3. Popel AS.
    Crosstalk between stromal components and tumor cells of TNBC via secreted factors enhances tumor growth and metastasis. Oncotarget. 2017; 8: 60210–22.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  7. 7.
    1. Norton KA,
    2. Jin K,
    3. Popel AS.
    Modeling triple-negative breast cancer heterogeneity: effects of stromal macrophages, fibroblasts and tumor vasculature. J Theor Biol. 2018; 452: 56–68.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  8. 8.↵
    1. Malone MK,
    2. Smrekar K,
    3. Park S,
    4. Blakely B,
    5. Walter A,
    6. Nasta N, et al.
    Cytokines secreted by stromal cells in TNBC microenvironment as potential targets for cancer therapy. Cancer Biol Ther. 2020; 21: 560–9.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  9. 9.↵
    1. Yang B,
    2. Feng X,
    3. Liu H,
    4. Tong R,
    5. Wu J,
    6. Li C, et al.
    High-metastatic cancer cells derived exosomal miR92a-3p promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis of low-metastatic cancer cells by regulating PTEN/Akt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene. 2020; 39: 6529–43.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  10. 10.↵
    1. Sun H,
    2. Wang C,
    3. Hu B,
    4. Gao X,
    5. Zou T,
    6. Luo Q, et al.
    Exosomal S100A4 derived from highly metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma cells promotes metastasis by activating STAT3. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021; 6: 187.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  11. 11.↵
    1. Li F,
    2. Zhao X,
    3. Sun R,
    4. Ou J,
    5. Huang J,
    6. Yang N, et al.
    EGFR-rich extracellular vesicles derived from highly metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells accelerate tumour metastasis through PI3K/AKT pathway-suppressed ROS. J Extracell Vesicles. 2020; 10: e12003.
  12. 12.↵
    1. Wu M,
    2. Wang G,
    3. Hu W,
    4. Yao Y,
    5. Yu XF.
    Emerging roles and therapeutic value of exosomes in cancer metastasis. Mol Cancer. 2019; 18: 53.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  13. 13.
    1. Paskeh MDA,
    2. Entezari M,
    3. Mirzaei S,
    4. Zabolian A,
    5. Saleki H,
    6. Naghdi MJ, et al.
    Emerging role of exosomes in cancer progression and tumor microenvironment remodeling. J Hematol Oncol. 2022; 15: 83.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  14. 14.↵
    1. Dai J,
    2. Su Y,
    3. Zhong S,
    4. Cong L,
    5. Liu B,
    6. Yang J, et al.
    Exosomes: key players in cancer and potential therapeutic strategy. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2020; 5: 145.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  15. 15.↵
    1. Gao Z,
    2. Han X,
    3. Zhu Y,
    4. Zhang H,
    5. Tian R,
    6. Wang Z, et al.
    Drug-resistant cancer cell-derived exosomal EphA2 promotes breast cancer metastasis via the EphA2-Ephrin A1 reverse signaling. Cell Death Dis. 2021; 12: 414.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  16. 16.↵
    1. Nehal M,
    2. Khatoon J,
    3. Akhtar S,
    4. Khan MKA.
    Exploring the potential of EphA2 receptor signaling pathway: a comprehensive review in cancer treatment. Mol Biol Rep. 2024; 51: 337.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  17. 17.↵
    1. Kim J,
    2. Chang IY,
    3. You HJ.
    Interactions between EGFR and EphA2 promote tumorigenesis through the action of Ephexin1. Cell Death Dis. 2022; 13: 528.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  18. 18.↵
    1. Larsen AB,
    2. Stockhausen MT,
    3. Poulsen HS.
    Cell adhesion and EGFR activation regulate EphA2 expression in cancer. Cell Signal. 2010; 22: 636–44.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  19. 19.↵
    1. Volz C,
    2. Breid S,
    3. Selenz C,
    4. Zaplatina A,
    5. Golfmann K,
    6. Meder L, et al.
    Inhibition of tumor VEGFR2 induces serine 897 EphA2-dependent tumor cell invasion and metastasis in NSCLC. Cell Rep. 2020; 31: 107568.
  20. 20.
    1. Gai QJ,
    2. Fu Z,
    3. He J,
    4. Mao M,
    5. Yao XX,
    6. Qin Y, et al.
    EPHA2 mediates PDGFA activity and functions together with PDGFRA as prognostic marker and therapeutic target in glioblastoma. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022; 7: 33.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  21. 21.↵
    1. Moyano-Galceran L,
    2. Pietila EA,
    3. Turunen SP,
    4. Corvigno S,
    5. Hjerpe E,
    6. Bulanova D, et al.
    Adaptive RSK-EphA2-GPRC5A signaling switch triggers chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer. EMBO Mol Med. 2020; 12: e11177.
  22. 22.↵
    1. Zhang H,
    2. Han X,
    3. Wang Z,
    4. Wang Z,
    5. Cui Y,
    6. Tian R, et al.
    Mitochondrial breast cancer resistant protein sustains the proliferation and survival of drug-resistant breast cancer cells by regulating intracellular reactive oxygen species. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021; 9: 719209.
  23. 23.↵
    1. Cui Y,
    2. Tian J,
    3. Wang Z,
    4. Guo H,
    5. Zhang H,
    6. Wang Z, et al.
    Fructose-induced mTORC1 activation promotes pancreatic cancer progression through inhibition of autophagy. Cancer Res. 2023; 83: 4063–79.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  24. 24.↵
    1. Cui Y,
    2. Liu H,
    3. Wang Z,
    4. Zhang H,
    5. Tian J,
    6. Wang Z, et al.
    Fructose promotes angiogenesis by improving vascular endothelial cell function and upregulating VEGF expression in cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2023; 42: 184.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  25. 25.↵
    1. Tian R,
    2. Tian J,
    3. Zuo X,
    4. Ren S,
    5. Zhang H,
    6. Liu H, et al.
    RACK1 facilitates breast cancer progression by competitively inhibiting the binding of β-catenin to PSMD2 and enhancing the stability of β-catenin. Cell Death Dis. 2023; 14: 685.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  26. 26.↵
    1. Liu CJ,
    2. Hu FF,
    3. Xie GY,
    4. Miao YR,
    5. Li XW,
    6. Zeng Y, et al.
    GSCA: an integrated platform for gene set cancer analysis at genomic, pharmacogenomic and immunogenomic levels. Brief Bioinform. 2023; 24: bbac558.
  27. 27.↵
    1. Bunting SF,
    2. Callen E,
    3. Wong N,
    4. Chen HT,
    5. Polato F,
    6. Gunn A, et al.
    53BP1 inhibits homologous recombination in Brca1-deficient cells by blocking resection of DNA breaks. Cell. 2010; 141: 243–54.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  28. 28.↵
    1. Ruivo CF,
    2. Adem B,
    3. Silva M,
    4. Melo SA.
    The biology of cancer exosomes: insights and new perspectives. Cancer Res. 2017; 77: 6480–8.
    OpenUrlAbstract/FREE Full Text
  29. 29.
    1. Huang Y,
    2. Kanada M,
    3. Ye J,
    4. Deng Y,
    5. He Q,
    6. Lei Z, et al.
    Exosome-mediated remodeling of the tumor microenvironment: from local to distant intercellular communication. Cancer Lett. 2022; 543: 215796.
  30. 30.↵
    1. Mashouri L,
    2. Yousefi H,
    3. Aref AR,
    4. Ahadi AM,
    5. Molaei F,
    6. Alahari SK.
    Exosomes: composition, biogenesis, and mechanisms in cancer metastasis and drug resistance. Mol Cancer. 2019; 18: 75.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  31. 31.↵
    1. Li C,
    2. Yoshimura T,
    3. Tian M,
    4. Wang Y,
    5. Kondo T,
    6. Yamamoto KI, et al.
    Exosomal Wnt7a from a low metastatic subclone promotes lung metastasis of a highly metastatic subclone in the murine 4t1 breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 2022; 24: 60.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  32. 32.↵
    1. Liu X,
    2. Li Y,
    3. Chen C,
    4. Dong J,
    5. Zhou J,
    6. Tong D, et al.
    Exosomal EphA2 promotes tumor metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer by damaging endothelial barrier. Clin Exp Metastasis. 2023; 40: 105–16.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  33. 33.↵
    1. Wei Q,
    2. Wei L,
    3. Zhang J,
    4. Li Z,
    5. Feng H,
    6. Ren L.
    EphA2-enriched exosomes promote cell migration and are a potential diagnostic serum marker in pancreatic cancer. Mol Med Rep. 2020; 22: 2941–7.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  34. 34.↵
    1. Gan X,
    2. Hu J,
    3. Pang Q,
    4. Yan R,
    5. Bao Y,
    6. Liu Y, et al.
    LDHA-mediated M2-type macrophage polarization via tumor-derived exosomal EPHA2 promotes renal cell carcinoma progression. Mol Carcinog. 2024; 63: 1486–99.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  35. 35.↵
    1. Nieto MA,
    2. Huang RY,
    3. Jackson RA,
    4. Thiery JP.
    Emt: 2016. Cell. 2016; 166: 21–45.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  36. 36.↵
    1. Shang A,
    2. Gu C,
    3. Wang W,
    4. Wang X,
    5. Sun J,
    6. Zeng B, et al.
    Exosomal circPACRGL promotes progression of colorectal cancer via the miR-142-3p/miR-506-3p-TGF-β1 axis. Mol Cancer. 2020; 19: 117.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  37. 37.↵
    1. Costa-Silva B,
    2. Aiello NM,
    3. Ocean AJ,
    4. Singh S,
    5. Zhang H,
    6. Thakur BK, et al.
    Pancreatic cancer exosomes initiate pre-metastatic niche formation in the liver. Nat Cell Biol. 2015; 17: 816–26.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed
  38. 38.↵
    1. Yu P,
    2. Han Y,
    3. Meng L,
    4. Tang Z,
    5. Jin Z,
    6. Zhang Z, et al.
    The incorporation of acetylated LAP-TGF-β1 proteins into exosomes promotes TNBC cell dissemination in lung micro-metastasis. Mol Cancer. 2024; 23: 82.
    OpenUrlPubMed
  39. 39.↵
    1. Pasquale EB.
    Eph receptors and ephrins in cancer: bidirectional signalling and beyond. Nat Rev Cancer. 2010; 10: 165–80.
    OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science
  40. 40.↵
    1. Ieguchi K,
    2. Maru Y.
    Roles of EphA1/A2 and ephrin-A1 in cancer. Cancer Sci. 2019; 110: 841–8.
    OpenUrlPubMed
PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

Cancer Biology & Medicine: 23 (8)
Cancer Biology & Medicine
Vol. 23, Issue 8
15 Aug 2026
  • Table of Contents
  • Index by author
Print
Download PDF
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on Cancer Biology & Medicine.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Exosomal EPHA2 transfers metastatic potential by stabilizing TGF-βRI and activating the TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway in breast cancer
(Your Name) has sent you a message from Cancer Biology & Medicine
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the Cancer Biology & Medicine web site.
Citation Tools
Exosomal EPHA2 transfers metastatic potential by stabilizing TGF-βRI and activating the TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway in breast cancer
Liming Liu, Yichu Zhang, Xiaoxue Li, Yueni Mo, Lanlan Song, Yidi Jia, Luoming Zhang, Wei Zhou, He Zhang, Hui Guo, Zhiyong Wang, Yanfen Cui, Fei Zhang, Ruifang Niu
Cancer Biology & Medicine Feb 2026, 20250440; DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0440

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Exosomal EPHA2 transfers metastatic potential by stabilizing TGF-βRI and activating the TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway in breast cancer
Liming Liu, Yichu Zhang, Xiaoxue Li, Yueni Mo, Lanlan Song, Yidi Jia, Luoming Zhang, Wei Zhou, He Zhang, Hui Guo, Zhiyong Wang, Yanfen Cui, Fei Zhang, Ruifang Niu
Cancer Biology & Medicine Feb 2026, 20250440; DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0440
Twitter logo Facebook logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Materials and methods
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Conclusions
    • Supporting Information
    • Conflict of interest statement
    • Author contributions
    • Data availability statement
    • References
  • Figures & Data
  • Info & Metrics
  • References
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • Migrasome-propagated ITGβ3-TGFβ1 circuit orchestrates breast cancer brain metastasis by reprogramming the microglial niche
  • Efficacy and safety of first-line osimertinib in Chinese patients with EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study (FLOURISH)
  • Myeloid cell reprogramming combined with zoledronic acid effectively suppresses bone metastasis
Show more Original Article

Similar Articles

Keywords

  • Breast cancer
  • intratumor heterogeneity
  • exosomes
  • EPHA2
  • TGF-βRI

Navigate

  • Home
  • Current Issue

More Information

  • About CBM
  • About CACA
  • About TMUCIH
  • Editorial Board
  • Subscription

For Authors

  • Instructions for authors
  • Journal Policies
  • Submit a Manuscript

Journal Services

  • Email Alerts
  • Facebook
  • RSS Feeds
  • Twitter

 

© 2026 Cancer Biology & Medicine

Powered by HighWire