LetterLetter
Open Access
Global disparities in childhood neuroblastoma: trends, burden, and inequities from 1990 to 2021
Rui Zhang, Yang Bi, Feifei Bao, Feixia Pan, Weize Xu, Qiang Shu, Zhigang Liu and Daqing Ma
Cancer Biology & Medicine July 2025, 20250163; DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0163
Rui Zhang
1Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
Yang Bi
2Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
Feifei Bao
1Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
Feixia Pan
1Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
Weize Xu
1Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
Qiang Shu
1Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
Zhigang Liu
1Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
2Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
Daqing Ma
1Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
3Division of Anesthetics, Pain Medicine & Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK

References
In this issue
Global disparities in childhood neuroblastoma: trends, burden, and inequities from 1990 to 2021
Rui Zhang, Yang Bi, Feifei Bao, Feixia Pan, Weize Xu, Qiang Shu, Zhigang Liu, Daqing Ma
Cancer Biology & Medicine Jul 2025, 20250163; DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0163
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- Article
- Global disease burden and temporal trends
- Regional and national disparities in disease burden
- Gender-based differences and socioeconomic inequities
- Epidemiological shifts and health inequality metrics
- Demographic drivers and projections to 2045
- Supporting Information
- Conflict of interest statement
- Author contributions
- Data availability statement
- References
- Figures & Data
- Info & Metrics
- References
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