Genomic medicine and cancer clinical trial in Thailand

Lucksamon Thamlikitkul; Napa Parinyanitikul; Virote Sriuranpong

doi:10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2023.0175

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Table 1

Commonly used tests to detect genetic alterations in cancer patients

Disease	Target	Drug	Method of detection
NSCLC	EGFR mutation	EGFR TKIs, e.g., erlotinib, gefitinib, afatinib, osimertinib	PCR, NGS
	ALK fusion	ALK TKIs, e.g., ceritinib, alectinib, brigatinib, loratinib	IHC (D5F3), FISH, PCR, NGS
	ROS-1 fusion	Crizotinib, entrectinib	IHC, PCR, NGS
	HER-2 mutation	Trastuzumab deruxtecan	PCR, NGS
	MET exon 14 skipping mutation	Capmatinib	PCR, NGS
Breast cancer	HER-2 amplification	Trastuzumab, pertuzumab, T-DM1, lapatinib	DISH
	PIK3CA mutation	Alpelisib	PCR, NGS
GIST	KIT mutation	Imatinib	PCR, NGS
Used in many cancer types	BRAF mutation	Dabrafenib, trametinib	PCR, NGS
	BRCA mutation	Olaparib	PCR, NGS
	KRAS mutation	Sotorasib	PCR, NGS
	RET fusion	Pralsetinib	PCR, NGS
	NTRK fusion	Entrectinib	PCR, NGS
	MMR defect or MSI-H	Pembrolizumab	IHC (MMR proteins), NGS
	Comprehensive genomic profiling	Various molecularly-targeted therapy and immunotherapy	NGS

NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; GIST, gastrointestinal stromal tumor; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; NGS, next-generation sequencing; IHC, immunohistochemistry; FISH, fluorescent in situ hybridization; DISH, dual in situ hybridization; MMR, mismatch repair; MSI, microsatellite instability.

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Table 2

Collaborative clinical trial network in Thailand

Study	Cancer type	Sponsor	Clinical trial registration number
ASIAN Multicenter of Prospective Study of Circulating Tumor DNA Sequencing (A-TRAIN)	Nasopharynx TNBC	National Cancer Center, Japan	NCT05099978 https://en.atlas.ncc.go.jp/ATRAIN/
The Lung Cancer Genomic Screening Project for Individualized Medicine in Asia (LC-SCRUMP AP)	NSCLC	National Cancer Center-East, Japan	UMIN CTR Clinical Trials: UMIN000036871 https://www.ncc.go.jp/en/information/press_release/20210630/index.html
Marker Assisted Selective Therapy in Rare Cancers: Knowledge Database Establishing registry Asia (MASTERKEY ASIA)	Rare cancer	National Cancer Center, Japan	NCT05217407 https://en.atlas.ncc.go.jp/MK_Asia/