Loss of NEIL3 activates radiotherapy resistance in the progression of prostate cancer

NEIL3 has no effect on the proliferation and migration of PCa cells in vitro. (A) Colony formation assay test cell viability in DU145 and PC3 cell lines when NEIL3 was overexpressed or downregulated. (B) Statistical analysis of the number of colonies between different groups. (C–F) The MTS assay test of cell viability in DU145 (C, D) and PC3 (E, F) cells when NEIL3 was overexpressed or downregulated. (G and I) Representative images of migration assays using DU145 and PC3 cells after downregulation or upregulation of NEIL3. (H and J) Histogram analysis of migrated cell counts showing cell migration after downregulation or upregulation of NEIL3.

NEIL3 facilitates radiotherapy sensitivity of PCa cells in vitro and in vivo. (A) BCR survival analysis of NEIL3 in TCGA radiotherapy patients. (B) Colony formation assay test cell viability in DU145 and PC3 cell lines after radiotherapy when NEIL3 was overexpressed or downregulated. (C) Statistical analysis of the number of colonies between different groups; *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 between groups. (D–G) The MTS assay test of cell viability in DU145 (D, E) and PC3 (F, G) cells after radiotherapy when NEIL3 was overexpressed or downregulated; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ****P < 0.0001, versus the corresponding vector or NC group. (H) Gross observation of the nude BALB/c xenografts and radiotherapy mouse model. (I) Tumor reduction curves of the NEIL3 overexpression and control groups are summarized in the line chart after radiotherapy. The average tumor volume is expressed as the mean ± SD. (J) Representative HE and immunohistochemical staining of xenograft tumors before and after radiotherapy; 400×, scale bars = 100 μm.

NEIL3 promotes radiotherapy sensitivity by not affecting apoptosis. (A–D) Representative flow cytometry cell apoptosis images (A, B) and histogram analysis of apoptotic cell counts (C, D) of DU145 before and 48 h after radiotherapy in the NEIL3 overexpression or NEIL3 knockdown groups. (E–H) Representative flow cytometry cell apoptosis images (E, F) and histogram analysis of apoptotic cell counts (G, H) of DU145 before and 48 h after radiotherapy in the NEIL3 overexpression or NEIL3 knockdown groups.

NEIL3 promotes radiotherapy sensitivity by regulating the cell cycle. (A and B) Representative flow cytometry cell cycle images of DU145 (A) and PC3 (B) cells before and 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h after radiotherapy. (C–F) Relative G2-phase change curves of NEIL3 overexpression (C, E) or knockdown (D, F) in DU145 and PC3 cell lines; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ****P < 0.0001, versus the corresponding time point vector or NC group.