Review ArticleReview

PD-1/PD-L1 pathway blockade works as an effective and practical therapy for cancer immunotherapy

Long Jia, Qi Zhang and Rongxin Zhang
Cancer Biology & Medicine May 2018, 15 (2) 116-123; DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0086

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Tables

  • 1

    Clinical studies about pembrolizumab

    IndicationStudy
    Reference &
    clinical trial     		n Objective
    response
    rate (ORR)
    % (95%CI)     		Treatment-
    related (TR)
    all grades
    adverse
    events (%)     		TR grade
    3–4
    adverse
    events (%)     		Survival vs.
    control
    therapy
    survival     		Control
    therapy &
    ORR %
    (95% CI)     		Control
    therapy
    TR all
    grades
    adverse
    events (%)     		Control
    therapy
    TR grade
    3–4
    adverse
    events (%)
    Unresectable or metastatic melanomaSchachter
    et al.44 (KEYNOTE-
    006)     		279
    (10 mg/kg
    every 2
    weeks)     		37
    (31–43)     		82
    (n=278)     		17
    (n=278)     		55% vs. 43%
    (24-month overall survival rate)     		Ipilimumab 13 (10–18) (n=278) 74
    (n=256)     		20
    (n=256)
    Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with PD-L1 expressionReck et al.45
    (KEYNOTE-
    024)     		15444.8
    (36.8–53.0)     		73.426.680.2% vs. 72.4%
    (6-month overall survival rate)     		Chemotherapy 27.8 (20.8–35.7) (n=151) 90 (n=150) 53.3 (n=150)
    Recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinomaMehra
    et al.46
    (KEYNOTE-
    012)     		19217.7
    (12.6–23.9)     		64128.5 months (median overall survival)
    Refractory classical Hodgkin's lymphomaChen et al.47
    (KEYNOTE-
    087)     		21069
    (62.3–75.2)     		28.6
    Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinomaBalar et al.48
    (KEYNOTE-
    52)     		37024
    (20–29)     		6115 (one case has grade 5 myositis)2 months (median progression-free survival)
    MSI-H or dMMR solid tumorsLe et al.28
    Diaz et al.29
    Seiwert
    et al.30    		14939.6
    (31.7–47.9)
    Gastric cancer with PD-L1 expressionFuchs et al.49
    (KEYNOTE-
    059)     		25911.2
    (7.6–15.7)
  • 2

    Clinical studies about nivolumab

    IndicationStudy
    Reference & clinical trialn. Objective response rate (ORR) % (95%CI)Treatment-related (TR)all grades adverse events (%)TR grade 3–4 adverse events (%)Survival vs. control therapy survival Control therapy & ORR % (95% CI)Control therapy TR all grades adverse events (%)Control therapy TR grade 3–4 adverse events (%)
    Unresectable or metastatic melanomaWeber et al.50
    (CHECKMATE-
    037)     		12031.7
    (23.5–40.8)     		68
    (n=268)     		9
    (n=268)     		48% vs. 34% (6-month progression-free survival rate) Chemotherapy 10.6 (3.5–23.1) (n=47) 80
    (n=102)     		32
    (n=102)
    Adjuvant treatment of melanomaWeber et al.51
    (CHECKMATE-
    238)     		45296.925.470.5% vs. 60.8% (12-month recurrence-free survival rate) Ipilimumab98.555.2
    Metastatic non-small cell lung cancerBrahmer et al.34
    (CHECKMATE-
    017)     		13520
    (14–28)     		58
    (n=131)     		7
    (n=131)     		9.2 months vs. 6.0 months (median overall survival) Docetaxel 9 (5–15) (n=137) 86
    (n=129)     		55
    (n=129)
    Renal cell carcinomaMotzer et al.52
    (CHECKMATE-
    025)     		4102579
    (n=406)     		19
    (n=406)     		25.0 months vs. 19.6 months (median overall survival) Everolimus 5 (n=411) 88
    (n=397)     		37
    (n=397)
    Classical Hodgkin's lymphomaYounes et al.53
    (CHECKMATE-
    205)     		8066.3
    (54.8–76.4)     		892576·9% (6-month progression-free survival rate)
    Recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neckFerris et al.54
    (CHECKMATE-
    141)     		24013.358.9
    (n=236)     		13.1
    (n=236)     		7.5 months vs. 5.1 months (median overall survival) Standard therapy 5.8 (n=121) 77.5
    (n=111)     		35.1
    (n=111)
    Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinomaSharma et al.55
    (NCT02387996)     		27019.6
    (15.0–24.9)
    (n=265)     		64188.74 months (median overall survival)
    Hepatocellular carcinomaEl-Khoueiry
    et al.56
    (CHECKMATE-
    040)     		21420
    (15–26)     		1983% (6-month overall survival rate)
    MSI-H/dMMR metastatic colorectal cancerOverman et al.57
    (CHECKMATE-
    142)     		7431.1
    (20.8–42.9)     		702114.3 months (median progression-free survival)
  • 3

    Clinical studies about avelumab, atezolizumab and durvalumab

    IndicationStudy
    Reference & clinical trialn. Objective response rate (ORR) % (95%CI)Treatment-related (TR)all grades adverse events (%)TR grade 3–4 adverse events (%)Survival vs. control therapy survival Control therapy & ORR %
    (95% CI)     		Control therapy TR all grades adverse events (%)Control therapy TR grade 3–4 adverse events (%)
    Avelumab
    Metastatic merkel cell carcinomaKaufman et al.58 (NCT02155647) 8831.8
    (21.9–43.1)     		70540% (6-month progression-free survival rate)
    Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinomaPatel et al.59 (NCT01772004) 16117
    (11–24)     		588 (one case has grade 5 pneumonitis)6.5 months (median overall survival)
    Atezolizumab
    Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinomaRosenberg
    et al.60 (NCT02108652)     		31015
    (11–19)     		69167.9 months (median overall survival)
    Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinomaRittmeyer
    et al.36 (NCT02008227)     		42514641513.8 months vs. 9.6 months (overall survival) Docetaxel 16 (n=425) 8642
    Durvalumab
    Locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinomaPowles et al.37 (NCT01693562) 19117.8
    (12.7–24.0)     		60.76.81.5 months (median progression-free survival)
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