Understanding the function and dysfunction of the immune system in lung cancer: the role of immune checkpoints

Niki Karachaliou; Maria Gonzalez Cao; Cristina Teixidó; Santiago Viteri; Daniela Morales-Espinosa; Mariacarmela Santarpia; Rafael Rosell

doi:10.7497/j.issn.2095-3941.2015.0029

Article Information

vol. 12 no. 2 79-86

DOI

https://doi.org/10.7497/j.issn.2095-3941.2015.0029

Published By

Cancer Biology & Medicine

History

Received April 15, 2015
Accepted June 10, 2015
Published online June 1, 2015.

Copyright: © 2015 Cancer Biology & Medicine https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Author Information

Niki Karachaliou1,
Maria Gonzalez Cao1,
Cristina Teixidó2,
Santiago Viteri1,
Daniela Morales-Espinosa1,
Mariacarmela Santarpia3 and
Rafael Rosell1,2,4,5,6 ⇑

¹Instituto Oncológico Dr Rosell, Quiron Dexeus University Hospital, Barcelona 08028, Spain
²Pangaea Biotech, Barcelona 08028, Spain
³Medical Oncology Unit, Human Pathology Department, University of Messina, Messina 98122, Italy
⁴Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona 08916, Spain
⁵Molecular Oncology Research (MORe) Foundation, Barcelona 08028, Spain
⁶Germans Trias i Pujol Health Sciences Institute and Hospital, Campus Can Ruti 08916, Spain