Characteristics of living biobank-based cancer organoids in recent years
| Type | Primary/metastatic | Methods | Generation efficiency | Clinical stage (number) | Treatment condition | Pathological diagnosis | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pancreatic cancer | Primary and metastatic | Surgical resection, fine needle biopsy, rapid autopsy, and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgical resection | 75% (72% for fine needle biopsy, 78% for tumor resection) | I (1); II (34); III (7); IV (24) | 12 generated from 5 pretreated patients; 57 generated from 55 patients who did not receive treatment | Not described | 88 |
| Breast cancer | Primary and metastatic | Not described | >80% | I (13); II (45); III (29) | 72 patients did not receive chemotherapy; 9 received chemotherapy | Malignant neoplasm | 59 |
| Multitype cancer | Primary and metastatic | Surgical resection | 73% | I–III (exact number is unclear) | Not described | Colon (metastatic adenocarcinoma, invasive low-grade adenocarcinoma, and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma); kidney (renal cell carcinoma and clear cell carcinoma); lung (moderately differentiated invasive squamous cell carcinoma, invasive squamous cell carcinoma, invasive poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, and invasive metastatic adenocarcinoma); pancreas (moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, invasive moderately differentiated ductal adenocarcinoma, and moderate-to-poorly differentiated metastatic adenocarcinoma) | 94 |
| Colorectal and gastroesophageal cancer | Metastatic | Ultrasound-guided, computed tomography-guided, and endoscopic biopsy | 70% | II (1); III (11); IV (17) | All patients received | Not described | 57 |
| Colorectal cancer | Primary and metastatic | Endoscopic biopsy and surgical resection | 100% | I (5); II (10); III (3); IV (10); not available (3) | Only 3 received | Adenocarcinoma, neuroendocrine neoplasms, and premalignant lesions | 83 |
| Rectal cancer | Not described | Endoscopic biopsy | 85.7% | Not described | Did not receive | Adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, and mucinous adenocarcinoma with signet ring cell carcinoma | 87 |
| Primary and metastatic | Endoscopic biopsy | 77% | Not described | 22 derived from treatment-naive patients; 43 derived from patients undergoing first- or second-line therapy | Not described | 86 | |
| Childhood kidney cancer | Primary and metastatic | Surgical resection and biopsy | 75% for Wilms tumors, 100% for malignant rhabdoid tumors, 75% for renal cell carcinomas | Not described | Most received | Wilms tumor, malignant rhabdoid tumor, renal cell carcinoma, congenital mesoblastic nephroma, metanephric adenoma, and the rest nephrogenic | 85 |
| Urothelial cancer | Not described | Surgical resection and biopsy | Approximately 50% | Low grade and high grade | Some received chemotherapy or radiotherapy | Squamous cell carcinoma, papillary urothelial cell carcinoma, expansive necrotic invasive urothelial cell carcinoma, poorly differentiated transitional cell carcinoma with glandular squamous differentiation, and papillary nonmuscle invasive urothelial cell carcinoma | 91 |