Table 3
Compared with the traditional in vitro model, organoids have more advantages and greater potential, and play an essential role in tumor basic and clinical research
| Features | Organoids | Cell lines | PDX |
|---|---|---|---|
| Biobanking |  |  |  |
| Multidimensionality |  |  |  |
| Retention of heterogeneity and mutations |  |  |  |
| Abundant gene expression subtypes |  |  |  |
| Matched normal controls |  |  |  |
| Multiple cell types |  |  |  |
| High-throughput drug analyses |  |  |  |
| Easy genetic modification |  |  |  |
| Mimicking in vivo cell environments |  |  |  |
| High concordance of somatic mutations with those in the primary tumor |  |  |  |
| Retention of the heterogeneity of the primary tumor |  |  |  |
| Stable genetic and phenotypic features |  |  |  |
| Ability of tumor cells to interact with the stroma |  |  |  |
| Low cost |  |  |  |
| High proliferation rates |  |  |  |